Mu 2017 ndi kotala loyamba la 2018, ntchito yonse yamakampani opanga nsalu inali yokhazikika komanso yabwino, ndipo madongosolo amakampani ambiri adakhalabe ndikukula bwino.Zifukwa zotani zobwezeretsanso msika wamakina a nsalu?Kodi msika uwu ungapitirire?Kodi chitukuko chamakampani opanga nsalu ndi chiyani m'tsogolomu?
Kuchokera pakufufuza kwaposachedwa kwamabizinesi ndi ziwerengero zofananira, sikovuta kuwona momwe bizinesi ilili komanso kufunikira kwamakampani opanga nsalu.Nthawi yomweyo, ndikulimbikitsa kosalekeza kwa kusintha ndi kukweza kwa mafakitale a nsalu ndikusintha kamangidwe, kufunikira kwa msika wamakina opanga nsalu kumaperekanso mawonekedwe atsopano.
Kukula kwa automation ndi zida zanzeru ndizodziwikiratu
Kupindula ndi kuyambiranso kwachuma chapadziko lonse lapansi, kukhazikika kwachuma chapakhomo, kukhazikika kwamakampani opanga nsalu komanso kubwezeretsanso kufunikira kwa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wa nsalu zapakhomo, msika wa zida zamakina nthawi zambiri umakhala wabwino. .Kuchokera pakuwona momwe ntchito yonse yazachuma imagwirira ntchito pamakina opangira nsalu, mu 2017, ndalama zazikulu zamabizinesi ndi phindu zidakula kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malonda obwera ndi kutumiza kunja kunawonetsa kukula kwa manambala awiri.Pambuyo pakutsika pang'ono mu 2015 ndi 2016, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wamakina opanga nsalu udakwera kwambiri mu 2017.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro amtundu wa zida, ntchito zamakina ozungulira zimakhazikika m'mabizinesi akuluakulu okhala ndi zabwino, pomwe mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati omwe ali ndi msika wofooka amakhala ndi mwayi wochepa.Zida zopota zokha, zopitirira komanso zanzeru zidawonjezeka kwambiri.Malinga ndi ziwerengero za China Textile Machinery Association pa mabizinesi kiyi kupanga, mu 2017, makina pafupifupi 4900 carding anagulitsidwa, umene unali chaka chomwecho pa chaka;Pafupifupi mafelemu ojambula a 4100 adagulitsidwa, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 14.6%.Pakati pawo, pafupifupi mafelemu ojambula 1850 okhala ndi zida zodzipangira okha adagulitsidwa, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 21%, kuwerengera 45% yonse;Oposa 1200 combers anagulitsidwa, chomwe chinali chaka chomwecho pa chaka;Mafelemu opitilira 1500 adagulitsidwa, ndikuwerengera chaka ndi chaka, pomwe pafupifupi 280 anali ndi zida zodzipangira okha, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 47%, kuwerengera 19% yonse;Chimango chopota cha thonje chinagulitsa masipingo opitilira 4.6 miliyoni (omwe pafupifupi masipingo 1 miliyoni adatumizidwa kunja), ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 18%.Pakati pawo, magalimoto aatali (okhala ndi zida zophatikizira) adagulitsa masipilo pafupifupi 3 miliyoni, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 15%.Magalimoto aatali anali 65% ya magalimoto onse.Chimango chachikulu chokhala ndi kachipangizo kozungulira kagulu chinali pafupifupi 1.9 miliyoni zopota, zomwe zimawerengera 41% ya kuchuluka;Chida chozungulira chophatikizana chinagulitsa masipingo opitilira 5 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka pang'ono kuposa chaka chatha;Kugulitsa kwa makina ozungulira a rotor kunali pafupifupi 480000, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 33%;Ma winders oposa 580 adagulitsidwa, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 9.9%.Kuphatikiza apo, mu 2017, mitu yozungulira ya vortex yopitilira 30000 idawonjezedwa, ndipo mphamvu yozungulira ya vortex yakunyumba inali pafupifupi mitu 180000.
Mothandizidwa ndi kukweza kwa mafakitale, kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha chilengedwe, kusintha ndi kuthetsa makina akale, kufunikira kwa ma rapier loorms othamanga kwambiri, ma jeti amadzi ndi ma jeti apamlengalenga pamakina oluka kwakula kwambiri.Makasitomala amaika patsogolo zofunika zapamwamba pa kusinthika, phindu komanso liwiro lalikulu la makina oluka.Mu 2017, opanga zazikulu zapakhomo adagulitsa zida za 7637 zothamanga kwambiri, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 18,9%;34000 zowomba zamadzi zamadzi zidagulitsidwa, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 13.3%;Zida za 13136 air-jet zidagulitsidwa, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 72.8%.
Makampani opanga makina oluka akwera pang'onopang'ono, ndipo msika wamakina oluka wathyathyathya umachita bwino kwambiri.Malinga ndi ziwerengero za China Textile Machinery Association, malonda buku la lathyathyathya kuluka makina mu 2017 anali pafupifupi 185,000, ndi chaka ndi chaka kuwonjezeka oposa 50%, amene chiwerengero cha makina vamp chinawonjezeka.Msika wa makina ozungulira weft unali wokhazikika.Kugulitsa kwapachaka kwa makina ozungulira ozungulira kunali 21500, ndikuwonjezeka pang'ono panthawi yomweyi.Msika wamakina oluka oluka adachira, ndikugulitsa pafupifupi ma seti 4100 mchaka chonse, kuwonjezeka kwachaka ndi 41%.
Zofuna zamafakitale zachitetezo cha chilengedwe, kusungitsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa utsi, ndi kuchepetsa ntchito zabweretsa zovuta komanso mwayi wamabizinesi kusindikiza ndi utoto ndi kumaliza mabizinesi amakina.Chiyembekezo chamsika chazinthu zodziwikiratu komanso zanzeru monga makina owunikira kupanga kwa digito, makina odzipangira okha ndi makina ogawa, makina opulumutsa mphamvu komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wamatenti, kuchapa mosalekeza ndi kuthirira ndi kutsuka zida za nsalu zoluka, ndi mpweya womaliza- makina opaka utoto wamadzimadzi akulonjeza.Kukula kwa makina opaka utoto wa mpweya (kuphatikizapo makina amadzimadzi a gasi) ndizodziwikiratu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malonda amakampani ambiri mu 2017 kudakwera ndi 20% poyerekeza ndi 2016. Mabizinesi achitsanzo ofunikira adagulitsa makina osindikizira 57 mu 2017, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi chaka ndi 8%;Makina osindikizira a 184 ozungulira adagulitsidwa, kutsika ndi 8% chaka ndi chaka;Pafupifupi makina 1700 oyika mahema adagulitsidwa, ndikuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 6%.
Kuyambira 2017, kugulitsa makina a fiber fiber kwakhala bwino m'njira zonse, ndipo malamulo akuwonjezeka kwambiri chaka ndi chaka.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, mu 2017, kutumiza kwa polyester ndi nayiloni filament kupota makina anali pafupifupi 7150 spindles, ndi chaka ndi chaka kuwonjezeka 55.43%;Malamulo a seti wathunthu wa poliyesitala zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI zida anachira, kupanga mphamvu pafupifupi 130000 matani, ndi chaka ndi chaka kuwonjezeka pafupifupi 8.33%;The wathunthu zida viscose filament wapanga mphamvu inayake, ndipo pali malamulo ambiri a seti wathunthu wa viscose staple fiber zida, ndi mphamvu matani 240000;Pafupifupi zida 1200 zoperekera zida zothamanga kwambiri zidagulitsidwa mchaka chonse, ndikuwonjezeka kwachaka ndi 54%.Nthawi yomweyo, luso lauinjiniya lamabizinesi opanga ma fiber filament lakhala likuyenda bwino, ndipo ndalama zopanga zokha zawonjezeka kwambiri.Mwachitsanzo, msika wa zodzitchinjiriza basi, ma CD, kusungirako ndi Logistics wa mankhwala CHIKWANGWANI filament ndi bwino.
Motsogozedwa ndi kufunikira kwamphamvu kwamakampani osawoka otsika, kupanga ndi kugulitsa kwamakampani opanga makina osawomba "kuphulika".Kuchuluka kwa malonda a masitayilo, spunlace ndi mizere yopangira spunbond / spinning melt idafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri m'mbiri.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira zamabizinesi am'mbuyo, mu 2017, panali mizere yofunikira ya 320 yomwe idagulitsidwa, kuphatikiza mizere pafupifupi 50 yokhala ndi m'lifupi mwake kuposa 6 metres ndi mizere yopitilira 100 yokhala ndi mita 3-6 m'lifupi;Kugulitsa kwa ulusi wa spunlace ndi spunbond ndi ma spinning melt melt kupanga mizere yopitilira 50;Kuchuluka kwa malonda pamsika (kuphatikiza kutumiza kunja) kwa mizere yopangidwa ndi spunbonded ndi spun melt melt ndi yopitilira mizere 200.
Msika wapakhomo ndi wakunja udalipobe
Kuwonjezeka kwa malonda a zida zamakina anzeru komanso apamwamba kwambiri kumawonetsa zofunikira kwambiri pakukonzanso kapangidwe ka mafakitale, kusintha ndi kukweza kwamakampani opanga nsalu pamakampani opanga zida.Mabizinesi opanga makina opangira nsalu amatsatira zofunikira zachitukuko chamakampani opanga nsalu, kusintha kwazinthu zamafakitale kumakhala mozama, ukadaulo ukupitilira kuwongolera komanso kupanga zatsopano, komanso kufufuza mwachangu ndikupanga zida zopanga bwino kwambiri, kudalirika kwabwino komanso kuwongolera kwadongosolo kumalandiridwa. ndi msika.
Digital inki-jet yosindikiza ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, gulu laling'ono komanso makonda anu.Ndi kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa luso laukadaulo, liwiro losindikiza la makina osindikizira a digito othamanga kwambiri lakhala loyandikira la lathyathyathya lathyathyathya, ndipo mtengo wopanga watsika pang'onopang'ono.Mawonekedwe olemera amtundu, osaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama, osafunikira kupanga mbale, makamaka pakupulumutsa madzi, kupulumutsa mphamvu, kukonza malo ogwirira ntchito, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito, kukulitsa mtengo wowonjezera wazinthu ndi zina kuti zikwaniritse zofuna za msika, zomwe zawonetsa kukula kwamphamvu. msika wapadziko lonse lapansi m'zaka zaposachedwa.Pakali pano, zoweta digito kusindikiza zida osati akukumana zofuna msika zoweta, komanso kulandiridwa ndi msika kunja ndi ntchito mkulu mtengo.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kufulumizitsa kusamutsidwa kwamakampani opanga nsalu padziko lonse lapansi komanso kufulumizitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwamakampani opanga nsalu zapakhomo m'zaka zaposachedwa, msika wamakampani opanga nsalu ukukumana ndi mwayi waukulu.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamakina opanga nsalu mchaka cha 2017, pakati pa magulu akuluakulu a makina opangira nsalu, kuchuluka kwa zotumiza kunja ndi kuchuluka kwa makina oluka omwe adakhala oyamba, okhala ndi ndalama zotumizira kunja kwa $ 1.04 biliyoni yaku US.Makina omwe sanalukidwe adakula mwachangu kwambiri, ndikutumiza kunja kwa US $ 123 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwachaka ndi 34.2%.Kutumiza kwa zida zopota kunja kunakweranso ndi 24.73% poyerekeza ndi 2016.
Osati kale kwambiri, ofesi ya woimira malonda ku United States inasindikiza mndandanda wazinthu zomwe akufuna kufufuza za 301 ku China, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zamakina a nsalu ndi zigawo zake.Ponena za zotsatira za kusamuka kwa US, Wang Shutian, Purezidenti wa China Textile Machinery Association, adati kwa mabizinesi, kusunthaku kudzawonjezera mtengo wamakampani aku China omwe amalowa mumsika wa US ndikuwononga kufunitsitsa kwamakampani opanga nsalu kuti apititse patsogolo ndalama. United States.Komabe, ponena za mafakitale, mu makina opanga nsalu ku China, kutumiza kunja kwa United States kumakhala ndi gawo laling'ono ndipo sichidzakhudza kwambiri.
Kupititsa patsogolo luso lachidziwitso ndi kusiyanitsa ndiko cholinga cha chitukuko
Tikuyembekezera momwe zinthu zidzakhalire mu 2018, msika wamakina opanga nsalu zapakhomo udzatulutsanso kufunikira kwa zida zosinthira ndi kukweza;Pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa chakuchulukitsitsa kwamakampani opanga nsalu komanso kupita patsogolo kokhazikika kwa njira yaku China ya "Belt and Road", malo otumizira kunja kwa makina opanga nsalu ku China adzatsegulidwanso, ndipo makampani opanga nsalu adzapitilirabe. akuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa ntchito yokhazikika.
Ngakhale odziwa zamakampani ndi mabizinesi ali ndi chiyembekezo chokhudza momwe zinthu ziliri mu 2018, Wang Shutian akuyembekezabe kuti mabizinesi atha kuzindikira mozama kuti pali zophophonya ndi zovuta zambiri pakukula kwamakampani opanga nsalu: pakadali kusiyana ndi kukwera kwapadziko lonse lapansi. zipangizo zamakono ndi zamakono;Mabizinesi akukumana ndi mavuto monga kukwera mtengo, kusowa kwa luso komanso kuvutikira kulemba antchito.
Wang Shutian amakhulupirira kuti mu 2017, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa makina opangira nsalu unadutsanso mtengo wogulitsa kunja, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti zipangizo zopangira nsalu zapakhomo sizingagwirizane ndi kukweza kwa mafakitale a nsalu, ndipo pali malo ambiri opangira chitukuko ndi kukonza.
Kutengera zida zopota mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi ziwerengero za miyambo, kuchuluka kwa makina ozungulira mainframe mu 2017 kunali pafupifupi madola 747 miliyoni aku US, kuwonjezeka kwa 42% pachaka.Pakati pa makina akuluakulu otumizidwa kunja, chimango chozungulira thonje, chimango chopota cha thonje, chimango chopota ubweya wa ubweya, makina ozungulira a air-jet vortex, automatic winder, ndi zina zotero zinawonjezeka kwambiri chaka ndi chaka.Makamaka, kuchuluka kwa makina ozungulira a air-jet vortex kumawonjezeka ndi 85% pachaka.
Kuchokera kuzinthu zakunja, zitha kuwoneka kuti zida zapakhomo zomwe zimakhala ndi msika wawung'ono, monga ubweya waubweya, chimango chozungulira ndi chimango chozungulira, zimadalira kuitanitsa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mabizinesi opangira nsalu zapakhomo ali ndi ndalama zochepa pakufufuza zida zomwe zili ndi msika wawung'ono. , ndipo pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa China ndi mayiko akunja ponseponse.Kuchulukirachulukira kwa chimango chozungulira cha thonje ndi chimango chopota cha thonje kumayendetsedwa makamaka ndi kubwereketsa kolimba komanso kopyapyala.Makina ambiri ozungulira ozungulira ma air-jet vortex ndi ma tray odziwikiratu amtundu wa tray amatumizidwa kunja chaka chilichonse, kuwonetsa kuti zida zotere zikadali bolodi lalifupi ku China.
Kuonjezera apo, kuitanitsa makina osawomba kunawonjezeka kwambiri.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamakasitomala, kutulutsa konse kwa makina osawotcha mu 2017 kunali US $ 126 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwachaka ndi 79.1%.Pakati pawo, kuitanitsa zida za spunlace ndi zowonjezera zidawonjezeka pafupifupi katatu;Makina 20 opaka makhadi ambiri adatumizidwa kunja.Zitha kuwoneka kuti chodabwitsa cha zida zazikulu zothamanga kwambiri komanso zapamwamba zomwe zimadalira kuchokera kunja zikuwonekerabe.Zida za Chemical fiber zikadali ndi gawo lalikulu la makina opanga nsalu ndi zida zomwe zimatumizidwa kunja.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamakasitomala, kuchuluka kwa makina opangira mankhwala mu 2017 kunali US $ 400 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 67.9%.
Wang Shutian adanena kuti kupititsa patsogolo luso lazopanga zatsopano ndi chitukuko chosiyana akadali cholinga cha chitukuko chamtsogolo.Izi zimafuna kuti tipitilize kugwira ntchito yabwino pantchito zoyambira, kuwongolera nthawi zonse, ukadaulo ndi luso lazopangapanga, kuwongolera kalasi yazinthu ndi mtundu wazinthu, kukhala pansi ndikuyenda ndi nthawi.Ndi njira iyi yokha yomwe mabizinesi ndi mafakitale amatha kukula mosalekeza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-28-2018