Confucius anati, "ngati mukufuna kugwira ntchito yabwino, muyenera kunola zida zanu."
Nthawi zambiri, kutengera mtundu wa nsalu yopaka utoto, imagawidwa m'mitundu isanu ya makina opaka utoto, monga ulusi wotayirira, sliver, ulusi, nsalu ndi chovala.
Makina otayira utoto wa fiber
1. Gulu lotayirira makina odaya CHIKWANGWANI
Zimapangidwa ndi ng'oma yopangira, thanki yozungulira yozungulira komanso pompu yozungulira (monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi).Mgolo uli ndi chubu chapakati, ndipo khoma la mbiya ndi chubu chapakati ndizodzaza ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono.Ikani ulusi mu ng'oma, ikani mu thanki yodaya, ikani njira yodaya, yambitsani mpope wozungulira, ndikutenthetsa utoto.Utoto wa utoto umachokera ku chitoliro chapakati cha ng'oma, umadutsa ulusi ndi khoma la ng'oma kuchokera mkati kupita kunja, ndiyeno umabwerera ku chitoliro chapakati kuti apange kuzungulira.Makina ena odaya ulusi wambiri amapangidwa ndi poto yopindika, thanki yopaka utoto komanso pampu yozungulira.Pansi zabodza ndi chivindikiro cha poto conical ali ndi mabowo.Mukadaya, ikani ulusi wotayirira mumphika, ndikuuphimba mwamphamvu, kenaka muyike mu thanki yopaka utoto.Madzi odaya amatuluka mu chivundikiro cha mphika kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba kupyola pansi pabodza kudzera pa mpope wozungulira kuti apange kuzungulira kwa utoto.
2. Makina odaya osalekeza osalekeza
Zimapangidwa ndi hopper, lamba woyendetsa, chopukusira, bokosi la nthunzi, ndi zina zotero. Chingwecho chimatumizidwa kumadzimadzi oyendetsa madzi ndi lamba woyendetsa kupyolera mu hopper, ndipo amathiridwa ndi madzi opaka utoto.Atakulungidwa ndi chodzigudubuza chamadzimadzi, chimalowa mu nthunzi ya nthunzi.Pambuyo pa nthunzi, sambitsani sopo ndi kutsuka madzi.
Makina opaka utoto wa Sliver
1. Makina odaya mpira waubweya
Ndi ya zida zopangira utoto, ndipo kapangidwe kake kakang'ono kamafanana ndi makina odaya amtundu wa drum.Pakupaka utoto, ikani chilondacho mu mpira wopanda kanthu mu silinda ndikumangitsa chivundikiro cha silinda.Pansi pa kuyendetsa pampu yozungulira, madzi opaka utoto amalowa mu mpira wa ubweya kuchokera kunja kwa silinda kupyolera mu dzenje la khoma, ndiyeno amatuluka kuchokera kumtunda wa chubu chapakati cha porous.Kudaya kumabwerezedwa mpaka kudaya kutatha.
2. Pamwamba mosalekeza pad makina utoto
Kapangidwe kake ndi kofanana ndi kachipangizo kamene kamapangidwa ndi makina ambiri odaya utoto wambiri.Bokosi la nthunzi nthawi zambiri limakhala "J" lopangidwa ndi zida zowumitsa.
Makina opangira utoto
1. Makina opaka utoto wa hank
Amapangidwa makamaka ndi thanki yodayira masikweya, chothandizira, chubu chonyamulira ulusi ndi mpope wozungulira.Ndi ya zida zapakatikati zodaya.Gwirani ulusi wa hank pa chubu chonyamulira chothandizira ndikuchiyika mu thanki yodaya.Madzi opaka utoto amadutsa mu hank pansi pa kuyendetsa pampu yozungulira.Mu zitsanzo zina, chubu chonyamulira ulusi chimatha kuzungulira pang'onopang'ono.Pali mabowo ang'onoang'ono pakhoma la chubu, ndipo utoto wamadzimadzi umatulutsidwa kuchokera kumabowo ang'onoang'ono ndikudutsa mu hank.
(chithunzi chojambula cha makina opaka utoto a Hank)
2. Makina opaka utoto
Amapangidwa makamaka ndi thanki yopaka utoto yozungulira, creel, thanki yosungiramo madzi ndi pampu yozungulira.Ndi ya zida zopangira utoto.Ulusiwo amakulungidwa pa chubu la bango lozungulira kapena pachubu lokhala ndi timabowo kenaka n’kuuika pabowo la bobbin m’thanki yodayira.Madzi a utoto amalowa m'bokosi lobowola la bobbin kudzera pa pampu yozungulira, kenako amatuluka kuchokera mkati mwa ulusi wa bobbin.Pambuyo pa nthawi inayake, kubwerezabwereza kungathe kuchitika.Chiŵerengero cha madzi osamba nthawi zambiri chimakhala cha 10:1-5:1.
3. Makina opaka utoto opindika
Amapangidwa makamaka ndi thanki yopaka utoto yozungulira, shaft ya warp, thanki yosungiramo madzi ndi pampu yozungulira.Ndi zida zopaka utoto.Poyamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto wa warp, tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popaka utoto wansalu zotayirira, makamaka nsalu zolukidwa ndi fiber warp.Panthawi yodaya, ulusi kapena nsaluyo amakulungidwa panthambi yozungulira yozungulira yodzaza mabowo kenaka ndikuyika mu thanki yopaka utoto.Madzi opaka utoto amayenda mu ulusi kapena nsalu pa tsinde lopanda dzenje kuchokera pabowo laling'ono la dzenje la warp shaft pansi pa machitidwe a mpope wozungulira, ndikusintha kutuluka pafupipafupi.Makina opaka utoto wa warp amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto wowala komanso zingwe zopyapyalansalu.
4. Kupaka utoto wopindika (kudaya zamkati)
Udaya wa Warp pad umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ndi kukonza ma denim okhala ndi mtundu wa warp ndi white weft.Ndiko kulowetsamo timiyendo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapaka utoto, ndikuzindikira utoto wa indigo (kapena sulfide, kuchepetsa, molunjika, zokutira) mutadumphira mobwereza bwereza, kugudubuza kowirikiza, ndi makutidwe ndi mpweya wambiri.Pambuyo poyanika ndi kuumitsa, ulusi wa warp wokhala ndi mtundu wofanana ukhoza kupezedwa, womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji kuluka.Tanki yopaka utoto panthawi yopaka utoto wa warp imatha kukhala angapo (makina amapepala) kapena imodzi (makina a mphete).Chida ichi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi kukula chimatchedwa makina opaka utoto ndi sizing kuphatikiza makina.
5. Makina odaya ulusi wa mkate
Zofanana ndi utoto wa ulusi wotayirira komanso ulusi wa cone.
Makina opangira utoto
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a utoto wa nsalu, umagawidwa kukhala makina opaka zingwe, makina opaka utoto, makina opaka utoto ndi makina opitiliza opaka utoto.Zitatu zotsirizira zonse ndi zida zodaya lathyathyathya.Nsalu zaubweya, nsalu zoluka ndi nsalu zina zopunduka mosavuta nthawi zambiri zimapakidwa utoto ndi makina otayirira a zingwe, pomwe nsalu za thonje nthawi zambiri zimapakidwa utoto ndi makina odaya m'lifupi mwake.
1. Makina opaka utoto
Imadziwika kuti silinda yopanda nozzles, imapangidwa makamaka ndi thanki yopaka utoto, chozungulira kapena elliptical basket roller, ndipo ndi zida zopaka utoto.Panthawi yopaka utoto, nsaluyo imamizidwa mumtsuko wopaka utoto momasuka komanso wokhotakhota, kunyamulidwa ndi basket roller kudzera pansalu yowongolera nsalu, ndiyeno imagwera mumadzi osambira.Nsaluyo imalumikizidwa kumutu ndi mchira ndikuzungulira.Panthawi yopaka utoto, nsaluyo imamizidwa m'madzi osambira momasuka nthawi zambiri, ndipo kukangana kumakhala kochepa.Madzi osambira nthawi zambiri amakhala 20:1 ~ 40:1.Chifukwa chakuti kusamba ndi kwakukulu, silinda yokoka tsopano yatha.
Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1960, zida zatsopano zamitundu yamakina odaya zingwe zimaphatikizapo makina odaya a jet, makina odaya otenthetsera kutentha, makina opaka mpweya, ndi zina. yaying'ono, kotero ndiyoyenera kuyika utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi nsalu zazing'ono zopanga ulusi.Amapangidwa makamaka ndi thanki yopaka utoto, ejector, chitoliro chowongolera nsalu, chosinthira kutentha ndi pampu yozungulira.Panthawi yopaka utoto, nsaluyo imalumikizidwa mutu ndi mchira.Nsaluyo imakwezedwa kuchokera ku bafa yopaka utoto ndi chowongolera nsalu.Imayendetsedwa mu chitoliro chowongolera nsalu ndi madzi otuluka otulutsidwa ndi ejector.Kenako imagwera m'bafa lopaka utoto ndipo imamizidwa mu bafa yopaka utoto momasuka komanso yopindika ndikupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono.Nsaluyo imakwezedwanso ndi chodzigudubuza cha nsalu kuti chizungulire.Madzi a utoto amayendetsedwa ndi pampu yamphamvu kwambiri, amadutsa muchotenthetsera kutentha, ndipo amafulumizitsidwa ndi ejector.Madzi osambira nthawi zambiri amakhala 5: 1 - 10: 1.
Zotsatirazi ndi zojambula zosinthika zamakina amtundu wa L, mtundu wa O-mtundu ndi U-mtundu wa jet jet:
(O mtundu)
(L mtundu)
(U mtundu)
(Makina opaka utoto)
2. Jigger
Ndi nthawi yaitali lathyathyathya zida utoto.Amapangidwa makamaka ndi thanki yodayira, mpukutu wa nsalu ndi mpukutu wowongolera nsalu, wa zida zapakatikati zodaya.Nsaluyo imadulidwa koyamba pa mpukutu woyamba wansaluyo m’lifupi mwake, kenaka amamangidwa pa mpukutu winawo akadutsa mumadzi odaya.Nsaluyo ikatsala pang'ono kuvulazidwa, imabwereranso ku mpukutu woyambirira wa nsalu.Kupiringa kulikonse kumatchedwa pass imodzi, ndi zina zotero mpaka utoto utatha.Madzi osambira nthawi zambiri amakhala 3: 1 - 5: 1.Makina ena ojambulira ali ndi zida zodziwongolera zokha monga kugwedezeka kwa nsalu, kutembenuka ndi kuthamanga, zomwe zingachepetse kupsinjika kwa nsalu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito.Chithunzi chotsatirachi ndi mawonekedwe a jigger.
3. Makina opaka utoto
Ndi kuphatikiza kwapakatikati komanso kosalekeza kotsegula m'lifupi makina odaya.Amapangidwa makamaka ndi mphero zonyowa ndikutenthetsa ndi chipinda chotenthetsera.Chigayo chomiza chimapangidwa ndi galimoto yogudubuza ndi thanki yamadzimadzi.Pali mitundu iwiri ya magalimoto ogubuduza: masikono awiri ndi masikono atatu.Mipukutuyo imakonzedwa mmwamba ndi pansi kapena kumanzere ndi kumanja.Kupanikizika pakati pa masikono kungasinthidwe.Nsaluyo ikamizidwa mumadzi opaka utoto mu thanki yogubuduza, imakanikizidwa ndi chogudubuza.Madzi opaka utotowo amaloŵa munsaluyo, ndipo madzi odaya ochulukawo amalowabe m’thanki yogudubuza.Nsaluyo imalowa m'chipinda chosungiramo zinthu ndipo imakulungidwa mu mpukutu waukulu pa mpukutu wa nsalu.Imazunguliridwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuwunjikidwa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi konyowa komanso kotentha kuti pang'onopang'ono idaye ulusi.Chida ichi ndi choyenera pamagulu ang'onoang'ono komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopaka utoto.Makina opaka utoto amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka utoto wozizira m'mafakitole ambiri, monga zikuwonekera pachithunzichi:
4. Makina opitilira utoto wopaka utoto
Ndi makina opaka utoto osalekeza omwe ali ndi luso lopanga kwambiri ndipo ndi oyenera kuyika zida zamitundu yayikulu.Amapangidwa makamaka ndi dip kugudubuza, kuyanika, steaming kapena kuphika, lathyathyathya kutsuka ndi mayunitsi ena.Kuphatikizika kwa makina kumatengera mtundu wa utoto komanso momwe zimakhalira.Dip anagubuduza zambiri ikuchitika ndi awiri kapena atatu mpukutu magalimoto.Kuyanika kumatenthedwa ndi kuwala kwa infrared, mpweya wotentha kapena silinda yowumitsa.The infuraredi ray Kutentha kutentha ndi yunifolomu, koma kuyanika dzuwa ndi otsika.Mukaumitsa, nthunzi kapena kuphika kuti mudaye ulusi wonse, ndipo pamapeto pake muzitsuka sopo ndi madzi.Makina opaka utoto wotentha omwe amasungunuka mosalekeza ndi oyenera kumwaza utoto.
Zotsatirazi ndi tchati choyendera cha makina osalekeza opaka utoto:
5. Makina odaya zovala
Makina opaka utoto ndi oyenera gulu laling'ono ndi mitundu yapadera ya utoto wa zovala, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osinthika, osavuta komanso othamanga.Mfundo yake ndi iyi:
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-26-2021